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Bulletti, C. Endometriosis and infertility. Polycystic ovary syndrome PCOS and endometriosis are both chronic conditions that affect women of childbearing age. And although both conditions affect female reproductive organs, may cause infertility and require ongoing medical management, they have unique symptoms and causes. According to Heather L. Common symptoms of PCOS include:. Genetic Testing. Fertility and Cancer.
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What is Fertility Surgery? Contact Us Refer a Patient. Fertility Blog Preconception Counseling. George Kofinas. Possible causes of PCOS include: Excess of insulin in your body - insulin is produced by your pancreas to help with the regulation of sugar in your blood, but if sugar levels rise too high your body will produce more insulin to combat the increase. If sugar levels remain too high in your blood and the extra insulin also stays, your body can develop insulin resistance and also develop a higher level of androgens.
Excess of androgens in your body - the excess of insulin that your body creates can also increase the level of androgens male hormones that your ovaries produce. Abnormal levels of androgens can lead to excess hair growth on your face and neck hirsutism and acne-prone skin. Inflammation due to polycystic ovaries - having many cysts on your ovaries can lead to an overall low-grade inflammation in your body, which means that your white blood cells are increased and deployed to your ovaries to fight infection.
This inflammation can signal to your ovaries to produce more androgens and that can lead to heart and blood vessel issues. It can be hereditary - some studies show that PCOS can be linked to certain genes, but overall physical activity and a healthy diet can often aid in dealing with PCOS.
Possible causes of endometriosis include: Retrograde menstruation - during a normal menstrual cycle, built up endometrial tissue flows out of the body with your period. Retrograde menstruation means that some of that tissue ends up flowing back into the fallopian tube or other areas in your abdominal cavity, builds up, but cannot leave the body. Induction theory - some experts believe that your peritoneal cells cells inside the lining of your abdomen are transformed due to your hormones or any immune system issues and turn into endometrial cells.
Transformation of embryonic cells - your embryonic cells are the cells that develop in the earliest stages of your life and may transform into endometrial cells during puberty due to an excess of estrogen in your system.
Endometrial cell transport - endometrial cells that can transport outside the uterus through your blood vessels or lymphatic system. A disorder with your immune system - if you have any issues with your immune system, it may make it difficult for your body to identify and destroy endometrial tissue outside of the uterus. The length between periods might vary, but when your period does come, it can be pretty heavy.
You experience unexplained weight gain. Hormonal issues can cause added pounds, so women with PCOS are more likely to be overweight or obese, says Ross. You grow hair in unexpected places. This is called hirsutism , Ross explains—basically male-pattern hair growth on places like your chin, the sides of your face, and your abdomen.
On the flip side, you might also experience male-pattern baldness, Idries Abdur-Rahman , M. Your skin erupts with acne. Hormonal shifts can lead to oily skin and pimples, says Ross. You have trouble getting pregnant. Definition: Experts aren't sure what causes the uncontrolled, abnormal growth of endometrial lining that leads to this condition, which affects around 10 percent of women.
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